The Demise of Great Arguent Essay Topics

The Demise of Great Arguent Essay Topics In order to discover an impressive argumentative essay topic you should have acquainted with elements of the subject issue. It is essential to opt for a great topic to be able to compose a fantastic paper. Argumentative essay topics are so important since they are debatableand it's essential to at all times be critically considering the world around us. The key to pick a fantastic topic for an argumentative essay is to select a subject where there's a lot of debates on topics or stances. You are able to also restate the ideas you have discussed in the body paragraphs in order to make your point valid. The very first step is to learn the topic you want to write about. If you select the wrong subject, you might get stuck with your writing and have a tough time moving forward. If you don't have an urge to waste time on choosing the best topic and writing the entire argumentative essay from scratch, don't forget you've a loyal group of professionals by your side. The best method to be sure you're handling the right topic is to create the topic part of your thesis statement. At exactly the same time, you should make an effort not to persuade the reader into a particular opinion or side. Don't neglect to bring a strong hook at the beginning (introduction paragraph) and wind up with an impressive conclusion to earn the reader want to go over the interesting persuasive essay topics of your selection. Prior exposure or knowledge about a specific subject provides better hindsight which may bring superior arguments on the issue. A conclusion is, undoubtedly, the most significant portion of the argumentative essay because you can either support the very good impression or destroy it entirely. When you have the topic, answer the question and after that support your answer with three or more explanations for why you believe it. When you are requested to decide on a great topic for your argument, start with something you're acquainted with. The Nuiances of Great Arguent Essay Topics Your essay ought to be well-written. Therefore, the topic ought to be debatable! It must be interesting, the topic must be essential and finally the topic must be informative. You will probably locate a different and fantastic topic you will love to write about. Writing a college argumentative research paper isn't as simple as it might seem at first. Argumentative research paper topics are a grea t deal a lot easier to find than to produce. Advertising and the media are now nearly inseparable from society for a whole. To begin with, local newspaper papers are sometimes a fantastic place to discover interesting argumentative essay topics. The very first step is where a significant number of students become stuck. Does a great lawyer has an effect on the results of a murder trial in the usa. The teacher might need to provide models or instruction on developing a bibliography or works cited. Typically, the teachers or professors assign the topics by themselves. The Lost Secret of Great Arguent Essay Topics What's the Iron Lady's role on earth history. The Great Gatsby is a novel that depicts the use of Gatsby among an isolationist that's forced into an ambiguous part in society. You may observe a list of 25 topics you can select from the one which best fits your assignment. You don't need to find super technical with legal argumentative essays, but be certain to do your homework on what the present laws about your preferred topic actually say. You may observe that the process is practically always the exact same. What happens is you will find a lot of sites which provide services claiming to be ideal in assisting you to create essays according to a specific structure or formula. You may use a variety of examples which can be found on the net at no cost. Inspiration to make your own advertising or media argumentative essay topics isn't tough to discover. Research the subsequent topics and determine which one could best suit your requirements. Even if you're a specialist in a particular field, don't be afraid to use and cite external sources. The trick is to locate a fantastic topic to write about.

Tools for Analyzing Dimensions of Language and Persuasive...

Introduction Politicians frequently receive negative publicity at the hand of their own use of language. Their uses of words as they relate to persuasion typically fall within one of the three dimensions of language functional, semantic or thematic. Often their persuasive language can be found to closely resemble any of these three categories simultaneously. There are many tools for analyzing persuasive symbols, many of which should be utilized when analyzing great communicators such as President Ronald Reagan. In response to the Space Shuttle Challenger explosion on January 28th, 1986 where seven brave American’s gave their life. President Ronald Reagan made history with his famous speech, which didn’t only serve to address the great tragedy but served as a focal point of comfort for the grieving nation. He commemorated the seven heroes who had fallen that morning in route to outer space; he expressed gratitude to NASA for their past developments and encouraged further explo rations. Ronald Reagan was a great communicator, a charismatic persuader whose words delivered focus of the message through utilization of persuasive symbols. This paper aims not to be an all-inclusive guide for analyzing persuasive symbols but will sufficiently guide the reader to be a more perceptive of persuasive language. Tools for Analyzing Dimensions of Language and Persuasive Symbols First, a brief background in the three dimensions of language discussed throughout this paper. TheShow MoreRelatedLanguage of Advertising and Communication Via Advertising16638 Words   |  67 PagesLanguage of Advertising and Communication via Advertising Contents Introduction 3 Chapter 1. Concept of advertising as an act of communication 7 1.1. Definition of Advertising 7 1.2. Communication and Advertising 8 1.3. Functions of Advertising 12 1.4. Image Advertising 14 1.5. Advertising Text and Slogan 15 1.6. Conclusion 16 Chapter 2. Language of advertising 18 2.1. 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In dialectic terms, effective groups balance task dimensions with a. conformity dimensions. b. cohesion dimensions. c. structure dimensions. d. closed dimensions. e. social dimensions. Answer: e. social dimensions. . The open system ? closed system group dialectic can be described as a. balancing a commitment to group norms and standardsRead MoreCellc South Africa - Marketing15638 Words   |  63 Pagesmarket segments and target your messages to the businesses or households most likely to respond. To help accomplish this, our Telecommunications consultants conduct a detailed market segmentation study focusing on trends in key market segments, analyzing forces of change, and identifying risk and success factors. Researchers have indicated that target marketing is the better use of the most valuable resources, i.e. time and money utilized to generate additional revenue. 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Families Language Barriers In Healthcare â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Families Language Barriers In Healthcare? Answer: Introducation With the increase in diversity of the nation and presence of culturally diverse group of patients, communicating in an effective manner has become a challenging task for health care professionals. Lack of awareness about patients belief, values, attitudes and behavior in specific cultural context further affects the communication process between staff-patients and has an impact on the quality of care. In such condition, it has become important to raise awareness about the importance of effective communication to deal with culturally diverse people (Betancourt et al., 2016). Hence, the information mentioned in power point is aimed to provide proper knowledge to all those people who will be new placed in health care service. It will enlighten them with the process needed to achieve cultural competency goal. Health care organizations are now working a lot to train their staffs in cultural competency and this has also become a priority due to the rise in health disparity in ethnic and racial groups. For instance, there is great difference in health outcome between the indigenous and non-indigenous Australians. This is mainly seen due to the shorter life expectancy, high rates of infant mortality, poor health and low level of education and employment in indigenous people compared to the rest of the population (Australians Together, 2017). To reduce the health disparities of indigenous Australians, there is a need to shift from standardized care and adapts culturally competent health care model. Hence, culturally competency and effective communication is also necessary to provide equal access to health care and positive experiences to disadvantaged group. The power point has given information related to the approach needed to improve communication process while dealing with culturally diverse group of people. The rationale behind giving this knowledge to newly placed staff is that language and communication barrier significantly affects the patients quality of health care received by these people. Language communication problems often lead to patient dissatisfaction, poor compliance to treatment and low quality of care (Flores 2014). To mitigate such negative experience for patients, increasing the culturally competency in care is considered important. The communication strategies to understanding the culture and non-verbal cues of different patients group is likely to enhance the quality and safety provisions in care. All efforts taken in the area of promoting culturally competent communication is likely to reduce racial and ethnic disparities in the receipt of care (Kohn-Wood Hooper, 2014). Cultural competence has been promoted extensively in recent years. With the correct information available to staffs regarding the importance of cultural competency and the strategies needed to improve culturally competent communication, conflicting situations can be avoided in health care. It will lead to lesser error and inconvenience for the health care staffs and experience of biasness in the delivery of care can be implemented. This is likely to increase the trust of patients with the health care system and better compliance with treatment regimen. This will eventually reduce the burden of the health care system (Renzaho et al., 2013). Reference Australians Together. (2017). [online] Australians Together. Available at: https://www.australianstogether.org.au/stories/detail/the-gap-indigenous-disadvantage-in-australia [Accessed 17 Sep. 2017]. Betancourt, J. R., Green, A. R., Carrillo, J. E., Owusu Ananeh-Firempong, I. I. (2016). Defining cultural competence: a practical framework for addressing racial/ethnic disparities in health and health care.Public health reports. Flores, G. (2014). Families facing language barriers in healthcare: when will policy catch up with the demographics and evidence?.The Journal of pediatrics,164(6), 1261-1264. Kohn-Wood, L., Hooper, L. (2014). Cultural competency, culturally tailored care, and the primary care setting: Possible solutions to reduce racial/ethnic disparities in mental health care.Journal of Mental Health Counseling,36(2), 173-188. Renzaho, A. M. N., Romios, P., Crock, C., Snderlund, A. L. (2013). The effectiveness of cultural competence programs in ethnic minority patient-centered health carea systematic review of the literature.International Journal for Quality in Health Care,25(3), 261-269.

What are Fan Behaviors towards Sports Officials at the Middle School Level

Abstract The objective of this project was to discuss fan behaviors towards sports officials at middle school level. In order to achieve this objective, qualitative research method was used to collect and to analyze data from different secondary sources. The results of the data analysis and literature review indicate that incidences of misbehavior among middle school students during sports events are on the rise.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on What are Fan Behaviors towards Sports Officials at the Middle School Level? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In particular, most students tend to show disrespect to sports officials by harassing them verbally and physically. The main factors that influence students’ behavior during sports events include frustration, high expectation, crowd demographics, performance of sports officials, and socialization. In order to improve middle school students’ behavior towards sports officials, parents, and teachers should collaborate and help students to internalize the principles of good sportsmanship. Introduction A sports event refers to â€Å"any interscholastic or intramural athletic activity organized and sponsored by any learning institution, the community, or a business†. Sports events are important because they promote the development of students’ leadership skills and physical wellbeing. Furthermore, they help students to identify their talents in various games such as football and basketball. Consequently, most schools promote sportsmanship among their students. Sportsmanship refers to â€Å"the values of fair play, adherence to the rules of the game, respect for opponents, and acceptance of official and referee judgements†. All stakeholders in sports events are expected to internalize all the values associated with sportsmanship. However, most students at middle school level have failed to uphold the spirit of sp ortsmanship. This can be illustrated by the rising number of incidences in which middle school students harass sports officials during or after sports events. A sports official refers to a person who is responsible for enforcing the rules of a game or supervising participants during a sports event. Statement of the Problem In the last two decades, middle school students have increasingly exhibited high levels of cynicism and negativity towards their opponents and sports officials. Deviant behaviors such as verbal abuse and physical harassment have become the norm in most middle school sports events across the country. This trend is explained in part by the fact that students want their teams to win at all costs. However, considering winning as the most important element of interscholastic sports denies students the chance to develop desirable values such as respect for others, self-discipline and responsibility. Poor character development among middle school students has led to an i ncrease in the number of complaints by sports officials, especial, referees concerning various forms of harassment. Additionally, the number of referees and other sports officials who are resigning from their duties for fear of being harmed by students is on the rise.Advertising Looking for proposal on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Undoubtedly, sports officials are very important since they determine the success of any sports event. The officials are tasked with the responsibility of making judgements within a very short time in order to regulate players’ actions. In this regard, sports officials are bound to make mistakes, especially, in games such as football that are rule-oriented. Nonetheless, sports officials do not deserve harassment from middle school fans due to the mistakes they make on the playfield. If more sports officials resign from their duties, the quality of sports in most schools wi ll significantly decline. It is against this backdrop that this paper seeks to shed light on the behavior of middle school students towards sports officials. Significance of the Project Previous studies have shown that the behavior of middle school students towards sports officials is deteriorating despite the efforts made by parents and teachers to promote good sportsmanship among students. Although the patterns of students’ behavior towards sports officials have been extensively documented, few studies have explained the causes of the observed students’ behaviors. Thus, this project contributes to the existing literature by identifying the behaviors of middle school students towards sports officials and the causes of such behaviors. Understanding students’ behavior towards sports officials has the following benefits. First, understanding the causes of poor sportsmanship among middle school students will help teachers and parents to develop appropriate strategi es to improve students’ behavior. Consequently, sports events will become a source of enjoyable entertainment and an opportunity to nurture the talents of students who intend to pursue careers in sports. Second, the participation of sports officials in sports events will improve if teachers are able to understand students’ behaviors and to take appropriate actions to improve sportsmanship among middle school students. This will boost the development of sports at middle school level. Review of Literature Organized sports events cannot take place without sports officials. However, sports officials’ dropout rate in various sports in the country is alarming. One of the major factors that contribute to the high dropout rate is player and fan abuse. According to Balch and Scott (2007, pp. 3-20), the personality of sports officials is similar to that of the normal population. However, middle school students tend to perceive sports officials as people with very differen t personalities.Advertising We will write a custom proposal sample on What are Fan Behaviors towards Sports Officials at the Middle School Level? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Most middle school students believe that sports officials lack charisma and are excessively neurotic. This can be illustrated by the fact that any decision made by a referee in a game such as football upsets nearly half the players and viewers. The fans and players who are not able to handle their disappointments often attack referees physically or verbally. However, not every referee is able to handle wild fans and uncooperative players. This partly explains the increase in the rate of sports officials’ dropout in various games. A successful sports official must possess a unique kind of personality. The official has to be levelheaded, confident, and able to handle the pressure from fans. The decisions made in any game or sports event involves som e form of communication between the sports official and other participants such as coaches and fans. The decision of the official must be based on the interpretation of the rules that govern the sports event that is taking place. However, most contest decisions are followed with ridicule from middle school fans and coaches whose expectations about the outcome of the contest is often very high. According to Wolfson and Neave (2007, pp. 232-247), a good official should be able to ignore the negative feedback from the unsatisfied fans and stay focused on the game. Contrary to this perspective, most officials find it difficult to concentrate on officiating games such as football without worrying about being attacked by fans. Godsdon (2001, p. 89) opine that sports officials can reduce the possibility of being attacked by unruly students if they exercise values such as honesty and objectivity when officiating games. In this regard, sports officials should avoid communicating with fans th roughout a sports event in order to prevent any provocation from degenerating into a physical attack. Moreover, every school is expected to provide an administrator to control students during sports events. Crowds of fans that show enduring team involvement consist of both good and bad students. The students who lack good behavior tend to exhibit their character in terms of excessive complaints and confrontations, which are often channeled to sports officials or the opponent teams. Enduring team involvement is not the problem since the degree of association with a particular team does not vary significantly between dysfunctional and well-behaved fans (Kreager, 2007, pp. 705-724). Dysfunctional fans usually take advantage of forums such as radio talk shows and websites to attack sports officials through negative and abusive comments. Although fans are expected to question the decisions made by officials during a game, their actions often contravene the principles of good sportsmanshi p. Thus, most officials expect deviant behaviors such as excessive yelling from fans in nearly every game. Given that verbal attacks are expected in every game, what matters is how sports officials deal with them. According to Kellett and Shilbury (2007, pp. 209-229), the level of unruly behavior among fans vary with the type of game or sports event that is taking place.Advertising Looking for proposal on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Middle school students are likely to misbehave in sports events such as basketball, baseball, and football because most of them hold these games in high esteem. In addition, the stakes are usually very high when a game such as football is being played since students often bet with their colleagues on the expected outcome of the game. This leads to the development of the win-at-all-costs attitude among students, which in turn causes misbehavior towards sports officials. The misbehavior of fans in middle schools and other levels of learning have led to adoption of laws that protect sports officials in some states in the United States. The laws often protect registered sports officials from being attacked physically or verbally in the course of performing their duties such as officiating sports events or immediately after officiating the events. The penalties associated with attacking a sports official varies from â€Å"a first-degree misdemeanor to a first-degree felony†. Gener ally, the need to enact laws that protect sports officials arose from a culture that promotes indecent behavior among students and coaches during interscholastic sports events. Most trained officials often turn down the offer to participate in various games if they expect to be assaulted due to trivial reasons such as fans’ dissatisfaction with a contest decision. The stress experienced by sports officials as they officiate various games is mainly explained by the â€Å"fear of failure, fear of physical harm, and time pressure†. These fears arise as students put pressure on sports officials to take actions that satisfy their needs even though such actions might not be appropriate. Players in various sports events often receive emotional support from their team managers and coaches. They are often trained to cope with failure and to ignore the negative feedback that they may receive from fans. By contrast, sports officials hardly receive any emotional support during spo rts events. The officials are often â€Å"left alone during times of harassment, with no support from fans, coaches, or school administrators†. This leads to isolation during times of stress. As a result, most officials experience high levels of mental and physical tiredness as they perform their duties. Ultimately, most officials terminate their commitment to serve middle school students as referees or umpires. Previous studies indicate that middle school students’ propensity to misbehave during sports events is influenced by personal and environmental factors. Deindividuation is one of the factors that lead to misbehavior towards sports officials. Deindividuation refers to â€Å"immersion to a group to the point that one loses a sense of self-awareness and feels lessened responsibility for one’s actions†. Deindividuation weakens self-control, thereby increasing the ease with which fans are influenced by their surroundings. As a result, spectators may mo b, insult, or threaten sports officials. Most fans take advantage of the anonymity provided by a group setting to misbehave. Personal accountability declines and responsibility diffuses as fans increase their involvement in group activities. Consequently, even the well-behaved fans may be encouraged to imitate bad behaviors such as yelling at officials in order to conform to the groups that they identify with. Disinhibition is a common characteristic of passionate fans of various sports events. Disinhibition is a state in which an individual’s ability to control his or her behavior, emotions, and impulses are greatly reduced. It leads to a situation in which fans are less concerned about the consequences of their behaviors or what others think about them. Disinhibition eliminates the normal constraints on behavior â€Å"such as long-term norms, self-monitoring, and self-awareness†. In this context, fans’ behaviors are mainly influenced by their immediate emotion s rather than rationality and self-control. Consequently, fans may express themselves in a manner that contravenes the principles of good sportsmanship. For example, a very passionate fan may cheer his team by shouting too much or insulting a sports official whose decision he disagrees with. Frustration is a major determinant of students’ participation in violent acts during sports events. Frustration leads to aggression under circumstances in which fans believe that their chance to win in a particular contest was thwarted by a decision made by a sports official. Students can respond to their frustrations by attacking sports officials as a means of compensating for their loss. This perspective is supported by the fact that dysfunctional fans consider their violent behaviors as a product of hard work rather than an intention to hurt sports officials. In particular, violent fans tend to believe that engaging in violent behaviors is an effective means of fighting for a win that they deserve. Frustration increases arousal when students are disappointed with the outcome of a sports event. Moreover, socialization greatly influences students’ behavior towards sports officials. Students who often watch violent movies are likely to engage in violent behaviors during sports events. Moreover, they are likely to use weapons to attack sports officials and their opponents or teammates. Crowd demographic is also a determinant of middle school students’ behavior towards sports officials during and after a sports event. Several studies indicate that male students are more likely to engage in violent behaviors than females students are. Similarly, sports events that involve teams from different schools are usually characterized with violence because stakes are often vary high. Students from each school usually focus on winning at all costs in order to show their superiority. In this case, sports officials can be on the receiving end if they make any mistake that causes one team to lose. Methods and Procedures Qualitative research method was used to collect and to analyze the data used to discuss the behavior of middle school students towards sports officials. Qualitative research method was suitable for this project since it focuses on meanings, perspectives, and understandings. In particular, it focuses on determining the meanings that people attach to their behavior, as well as, how they interpret various situations. Additionally, qualitative research focuses on determining people’s perspectives on various issues in their surroundings. Thus, the qualitative research method facilitated the analysis of the perspectives of various researchers concerning the behavior of middle school students towards sports officials. The data used in this project was collected through a thorough review of the literature on the behavior of middle school students towards sports officials. This involved reading and analyzing the findings of previou s studies and the theories that have been developed to explain fans’ behavior during sports events. Generally, the data was collected from secondary sources such as academic textbooks, peer reviewed journals, and reports of previous studies. The advantages of using secondary sources of data include the following. First, secondary sources of data on students’ behavior during sports events are readily available through various platforms such as online libraries and e-books. This reduced the time required to collect and to analyze the data needed to complete the project. Second, secondary sources of data present the views of different researchers and scholars. Thus, it was easy to understand students’ behavior and to analyze the factors that influence it in an objective manner. Despite these benefits, some secondary sources of data are likely to have unreliable information. Consequently, only academic textbooks and peer reviewed journals were used to ensure that th e conclusions of the project are based on reliable information. Hermeneutic analysis was used to analyze the data collected for the project. Hermeneutic analysis involves gaining an â€Å"in-depth understanding of the meanings of human practices, culture, works of art and text†. In this project, data analysis involved reviewing and interpreting existing literature on middle school students’ behavior towards sports officials. The interpretations were used to make conclusions about the project’s topic. Conclusion Results and Analysis The literature reviewed indicates that cases of misbehavior towards sports officials are on the rise in middle schools. This has led to adoption of laws that protect sports officials from harassment as they perform their duties. Students usually respond to the decisions made by sports officials through deviant behaviors such as verbal and physical harassment. The main factors that determine students’ behavior during sports even ts include frustration, crowd demographics, the performance of sports officials, and students’ socialization. The misbehavior of middle school students during sports events can be explained by three theories namely, the social learning theory, instinct theory, and frustration-aggression hypothesis. According to the social learning theory, an individual acquires a new behavior by watching and imitating others. In this context, well-behaved students can gradually learn bad behaviors from their colleagues and begin to practice them. Thus, students’ behavior towards sports officials illustrates what they learn from their colleagues and the society in general. According to the instinct theory, aggression is an inborn drive. In particular, aggression is an intrinsic drive that can be discharged or fulfilled. This suggests that students can use sports events to discharge pent-up aggression. For example, the celebrations that follow a win in a particular game can help in reduc ing stress and aggression among students. By contrast, a sports event can increase aggression if students fail to achieve their objectives or goals. This leads to deviant behaviors such as harassing sports officials. The frustration-aggression hypothesis posits that frustration only prepares an individual for an aggressive reaction. Thus, an individual may or may not express aggression when frustrated. This perspective is illustrated by the fact that responsible students often avoid engaging in deviant behaviors during sports events even if they are frustrated. However, an increase in frustration is likely to result into expression of aggression. Discussion and Reflection Sports events play a key role in the development process of students at the middle school level. Teachers and parents value good sportsmanship and expect students to engage actively in sports events. Unfortunately, the level of sportsmanship among students in middle schools is deteriorating. This failure can be att ributed to the permissiveness of the society and school administrators towards aggression in sports events. Parents and teachers alike engage in deviant behaviors during sports events within and outside schools, thereby setting bad precedence for students. Students, on the other hand, have over time developed the culture of winning at all costs, which leads to misbehavior during sports events. Therefore, parents and teachers must collaborate to help students to internalize the principles of sportsmanship. Parents must help their children to understand that losing in a sports event is not the end of everything. They should encourage their children to learn to cope with failure and appreciate the contributions of sports officials in every game. Teachers and school administrators should focus on promoting discipline among students. Moreover, they should establish a conflict resolution mechanism to address any disagreements that may arise between sports officials and students in order t o avoid violence. Students are also expected to act responsibly and to respect sports officials in order to benefit from sports events. References Atkinson, M., Young, K. (2008). Deviance and social control in sports. New York, New York: John Wiley and Sons. Balch, C., Scott, D. (2007). Contrary to popular belief, refs are people too! Personality and perception of officials. Journal of Sport Behavior 30(1), 3-20. Banning, S., Wells, S., Baker, L. (2009). Parents behaving badly? The relationship between the sportsmanship behavior of adults and athletes in youth basketball games. Journal of Sport Behavior 32(1), 3-18. Coakley, J. (2011). What counts as positive development? Journal of Sport and Social issues, 35(3), 306-324. Courtney, J., Wann, D. (2010). The relationship between sport fan dysfunction and bullying behaviors. North American Journal of Psychology, 12(1), 1-20. Godsdon, S. (2001). Psychology and sport. London, England: Butterworth-Heinneman. Jamieson, L., Orr, T. (2 012). Sport and violence. New York, NY: John Wiley and Sons. Jarvis, M. (2006). Sport Psychology: A student’s handbook. New York, NY: Routledge. Kellett, P., Shilbury, D. (2007). Umpire participation: Is abuse really the issue? Sport Management Review 10(3), 209-229. Kreager, D. (2007). Unnecessary roughness? School sports, peer networks, and male adolescent violence. American Sociological Review, 72(5), 705-724. Lewis, J. (2007). Sports fan violence in North America. New York, NY: Rowman and Littlefield. Light, D., Lavoi, N., Power, C. (2005). The sport behavior of youth, parents, and coaches: The good, the bad, and the ugly. Journal of Research in Character Education, 3(1), 43-59. Nixon, H. (1997). Gender, sport, and aggressive behavior outside sport. Journal of Sport and Social Issues, 21(4), 379-391. Oproiu, I. (2012). A study on the relationship between sports and aggression. Sport Science Review, 22(2), 33-48. Stornes, T. (2001). Sportspersonship in elite sports: On t he effects of personal and environmental factors on the display of sportspersonship among elite male handball players. European Physical Education Review 7(1), 283-304. Thornton, P., Champion, W., Ruddell, L. (2011). Sports ethics for sports management professionals. London, England: Butterworth-Heinneman. Tracy, S. (2012). Qualitative research methods. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. Wakefield, S., Wann, D. (2006). An examination of dysfunctional sport fans: Method of classification and relationships with problem behaviors. Journal of Leisure Research 38(2), 168-186. Wingate, B. (2008). Violence at sports events. London, England: Sage. Wolfson, S., Neave, N. (2007). Coping under pressure: Cognitive strategies for maintaining confidence among soccer referees. Journal of Sport Behavior 30(2), 232-247. Young, K. (2012). Sport, Violence and Society. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. This proposal on What are Fan Behaviors towards Sports Officials at the Middle School Level? was written and submitted by user Cruz U. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.